Photo: Louise Wolff --darina 23:22, 6 May 2005 (UTC) / CC BY-SA 3.0

Croton Care

Codiaeum variegatum · Euphorbiaceae

⚠️ Toxic to pets 🎯 Moderate ☀️ Bright indirect 💧 Every 5–9 days

🕮 7 min read 🕓 Last reviewed: 2026-08-23

Care at a glance

Watering

Every 5–9 days

Light

Bright indirect

Temperature

18–27 °C (64–81 °F)

Humidity

High

Soil

standard well-draining potting mix

Difficulty

Moderate

Mature size

60–180 cm (24–71 in)

Pet safety

Toxic to pets

Care effort High

The short version

A little attention keeps it happy.
Give it Bright indirect.
Water every 5–9 days.
Keep away from cats and dogs.

The Croton (Codiaeum variegatum) is a popular houseplant from the Euphorbiaceae family, native to Southeast Asia. It is rated Moderate to grow and typically reaches 60–180 cm indoors. Here is everything you need to keep it healthy — watering, light, humidity, feeding, propagation, and pet safety. It is a Moderate grower, putting on most of its growth in the warm, bright months of spring and summer.

Also known asCodiaeum variegatumクロトン变叶木CrotónWunderstrauch

📋Quick facts

Growth rate	Moderate
Mature size	60–180 cm (24–71 in)
Native region	Southeast Asia
Plant family	Euphorbiaceae
Toxicity	Toxic
Air-purifying	No

⚖️Pros & cons

Pros

Cons

Toxic to cats and dogs
Needs high humidity to look its best
Eventually needs plenty of room

📷Photos

Croton — Codiaeum variegatum (2) — Steve Fitzgerald / CC BY-SA 4.0

Croton — Codiaeum variegatum (4) — J.M.Garg / CC BY-SA 4.0

💧Watering

Water your Croton roughly every 5–9 days, letting the top few centimetres of soil dry out between waterings. Always empty the saucer so the roots never sit in water — overwatering is the most common way this plant is lost.

Not sure when to water? Push a finger 2–3 cm into the soil and water only when it feels dry at that depth — a cheap moisture meter or the weight of the pot works too. Water thoroughly until it runs from the drainage holes, then tip away anything left in the saucer. Soft, yellowing lower leaves usually mean too much water; crispy, curling leaves usually mean too little. Always ease off in the darker months, when the plant drinks far less.

Never forget to water

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☀️Light & placement

The Croton likes bright, indirect light — near a window but out of direct midday sun, which can scorch the leaves.

Set it right beside an east window, or just back from a south/west one behind a sheer curtain, so it gets plenty of light without direct midday rays on the leaves. Rotate the pot weekly for even growth, and dust the leaves so they can drink in the light.

🌡️Temperature & humidity

Keep it between 18–27 °C and away from cold draughts and heating vents. It prefers High humidity; if your air is dry, group it with other plants or use a humidifier.

🪴Soil & feeding

Plant it in standard well-draining potting mix. Feed with a balanced liquid feed monthly in spring and summer, and stop feeding in autumn and winter when growth slows.

🗓️Season-by-season care

Season	Watering	What to do
Spring (Mar–May)	Resume regular watering as growth restarts.	The main growing season begins — start feeding again, repot if it is pot-bound, and take cuttings now for the best success.
Summer (Jun–Aug)	This is the thirstiest season; check the soil more often.	Keep feeding on schedule, watch for pests in the warmth, and shield the leaves from scorching midday glass. Higher humidity is welcome.
Autumn (Sep–Nov)	Let the soil dry a little longer between waterings.	Taper off feeding as growth slows, and move the plant away from cold windows and doorways before the first chills.
Winter (Dec–Feb)	Water sparingly — overwatering now is the number-one killer.	Stop feeding, give it the brightest spot you have, and keep it away from radiators, heat vents, and cold draughts.

🪟Repotting

Repot roughly every 2 years, ideally in spring as growth picks up. Move up just one pot size (2–3 cm wider) with drainage holes — too big a pot holds water and invites root rot. Signs it is time: roots creeping from the drainage holes or circling the surface, water running straight through, or growth that has stalled. In the years you do not repot, scrape off and replace the top few centimetres of soil.

✂️How to propagate, step by step

Spring and early summer, during active growth, give the best success. Here is how to do it, step by step:

stem cuttings in soil

Cut a 10–15 cm stem just below a node and remove the lower leaves.
Dip the cut end in rooting hormone if you have it (optional).
Push it into moist, well-draining mix and firm the soil around it.
Cover loosely with a clear bag to hold humidity, and keep in bright, indirect light.
After a few weeks, a gentle tug that meets resistance means roots have formed — remove the bag and grow on.

🔬Classification

Plant type	Foliage houseplant
Genus	Codiaeum
Family	Euphorbiaceae · Euphorbiaceae
Native to	Southeast Asia

🩺Common problems

Symptom	Likely cause	What to do
Dropping leaves	A sudden change in light, temperature, or watering	Keep conditions stable and avoid moving it often.
Pale or faded leaves	Too much direct sun, or a nutrient gap	Move it out of harsh sun and feed during the growing season.

🩺 Plant Doctor →

🐛Pests & prevention

The usual indoor pests are spider mites (fine webbing, speckled leaves), mealybugs (white cotton-wool tufts), scale (small brown bumps), and fungus gnats (tiny flies from soggy soil). Inspect any new plant before it joins the others, wipe the leaves now and then, and let the topsoil dry to keep gnats away. At the first sign, isolate the plant, wipe or rinse off what you can, and treat with insecticidal soap or neem oil every week until it is clear.

🐾Is it safe for pets?

The Croton is toxic to cats and dogs (irritant sap). Keep it out of reach of pets and children. If you think an animal has chewed it, contact your vet or a pet poison line. If a curious cat or dog chews it, the irritant sap can cause mouth and skin irritation, drooling, and stomach upset. It is rarely life-threatening in small amounts, but rinse the animal’s mouth, take away any plant pieces, and call your vet if symptoms are severe or last more than a short while.

Toxicity information is a general guide based on ASPCA data. If your pet or child may have eaten any part of a plant, contact a vet or poison control right away.